Performance Writing Guide

Comprehensive guide to writing effective performance bullets, narratives, and evaluations for all military branches. Includes official resources and best practices.

Air Force EPB Update (2023)

The Air Force transitioned from bullet-style EPRs to paragraph-style EPBs (Enlisted Performance Briefs) in 2023 per DAFI 36-2406. EPBs use 350-character narrative statements organized by 4 Major Performance Areas (MPAs), not compressed bullets with special characters.

FreePB automatically generates the correct format based on your selection.

Quick Reference: Formats by Branch

Character limits and format requirements at a glance

BranchDocumentFormatLimitsKey Rule
Air ForceEPB/OPBNarrative350 chars/MPAComplete sentences, plain language
ArmyNCOER/OERBullet~125 chars/lineStart with lowercase "o"
NavyEVAL/FITREPHybrid91 chars/line, 16-18 linesOpening/closing in CAPS
MarinesFITREPHybrid1,232 chars (Sec C)ACTION VERBS: in caps
Coast GuardEER/OERBullet220/550 charsGender-neutral (MBR, ROM)

Branch-Specific Writing Guides

4 Major Performance Areas (MPAs)

Executing the Mission

Job performance, technical expertise, mission accomplishment

Leading People

Team leadership, mentorship, developing others

Managing Resources

Time, money, equipment, and personnel management

Improving the Unit

Innovation, process improvement, efficiency gains

DO
  • • Write complete sentences with proper grammar
  • • Use past tense, third person (he/she/they)
  • • Use plain language - minimize acronyms
  • • Include behavior/action + impact/results
  • • Stay within 350 characters per MPA block
  • • Focus on specific accomplishments with metrics
DON'T
  • • Use old bullet-style formatting with special characters
  • • Use abbreviations like "--" or "/" connectors
  • • Write sentence fragments
  • • Exceed character limits
  • • Use jargon-heavy language
  • • List job duties instead of accomplishments
GOOD EPB Example (Executing the Mission - ~340 chars)

Directed complex maintenance operations on 12 F-16 aircraft during surge operations, identifying and resolving three critical system failures. His technical expertise and calm leadership ensured 100% mission-capable rate, directly enabling 45 combat sorties supporting Operation Inherent Resolve.

Strong Action Verbs by Category

Use these to start your statements with impact

Leadership

LedDirectedSupervisedManagedCoordinatedSpearheadedOrchestratedChampioned

Achievement

AchievedAccomplishedDeliveredExceededCompletedAttainedEarnedWon

Innovation

PioneeredDevelopedCreatedDesignedImplementedIntroducedLaunchedInitiated

Improvement

StreamlinedOptimizedEnhancedImprovedRevitalizedTransformedAcceleratedMaximized

Training/Development

TrainedMentoredCoachedInstructedDevelopedEducatedPreparedQualified

Operations

ExecutedConductedPerformedMaintainedOperatedAdministeredProcessedManaged

Analysis/Planning

AnalyzedAssessedEvaluatedResearchedIdentifiedPlannedStrategizedForecasted

Support

SupportedAssistedFacilitatedEnabledProvidedServedContributedHelped

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Pitfalls that weaken performance statements

Writing job descriptions instead of accomplishments

Focus on WHAT you achieved, not what your job required you to do

Missing quantifiable metrics

Include numbers: personnel count, dollar amounts, percentages, timeframes

Vague impact statements

Be specific: "improved readiness" → "increased readiness from 85% to 98%"

Using weak verbs ("was responsible for")

Use strong action verbs: "Led", "Directed", "Spearheaded"

Exceeding character limits

Each branch has specific limits - stay within them or content gets cut

Using wrong format for branch

Air Force uses narratives now; Army uses bullets; know your format

First-person language ("I led...")

Use third-person: "He/She led..." or bullets without subject

Spelling/grammar errors

Proofread carefully - errors suggest carelessness to boards

Pro Tips for All Branches

Write for the Board

Selection boards read thousands of reports quickly. Put your best achievements first and make them easy to scan.

Use the STAR Method

Situation, Task, Action, Result - structure each bullet to show context, what you did, and the outcome.

Quantify Everything

Numbers stand out: 45 personnel, $2.1M budget, 98% rate, 12-hour reduction, 3x improvement.

Show Scope of Impact

Connect your action to unit, command, service, or DOD-level impact when possible.

Avoid Acronym Soup

Especially for EPBs - use plain language. Boards may not know your specialty's acronyms.

Keep Records

Maintain a running log of accomplishments throughout the rating period. Don't rely on memory.